Gender-based political harassment is intimidation, coercion, or violence targeting women and other marginalised groups for their activity in political and public life, in ways that exacerbate gendered discrimination. In parliamentary politics, this can manifest as sexist language on the floor of legislatures, biased media coverage undermining women’s leadership, pressure to renounce elected office, or physical assault, among others. Acts of political harassment reinforce traditional gender roles and male-dominated decision-making spaces, creating a hostile environment that can deter women from political engagement.